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Key to the genera of Magnaporthaceae

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1. Asexual state absent or unknown ……………………………………………………………….……. 2
1’. Asexual state present ………………………………………………………….………………..…….. 6

2. In aquatic habits; ascospores aseptate; on wood ……………….….………..…… Aquafiliformis
2. In terrestrial habits; ascospore septate …………………………………………………….………… 3

3. Ascomata superficial, collapsing when dry; ascomatal wall with a vacuolated middle layer; on
bark or wood …………………………………………………………………….………..……. Muraeriata
3. Not as above………………………………………………………………………….………..…..……. 4

4. Ascomata immersed without a protruding neck; ascospores clavate with basal septa and an
apical mucilaginous pad-like appendage; on leaves of Musa sp. ………………….. Clavatisporella
4’. Ascomata immersed, with a long cylindrical neck ……………………………………….…………. 5

5. Ascomata solitary; ascospores 5-septate, yellowish brown with paler end cells; on Carex firma
and Sesleria varia……………………………………………………………….………….. Herbampulla
5’. Ascomata gregarious on a mycelial subiculum; ascospores filiform, 2-3-septate; on culms of
Bambusa sp. ………………………………………………………………..…. Neogaeumannomyces

6. Asexual state with pycnothyrial conidiomata …………………………………….… Pseudotracylla
6’. Not as above ……………………………………………………………………………..……………… 7

7. Ascomata developing amongst a setose mycelium; asexual state Clasterosporium, conidia
elongated and strongly pigmented ……………………………………………….…… Clasterosporium
7’. Not as above ………………..……………………………………………………………………………. 8

8. Ascomata with a long cylindrical neck; ascospore indistinctly septate; asexual state
trichocladium-like; on Juncus sp. …………………………………………………….. Kohlmeyeriopsis
8’. Not as above ………………………………………………………………………………….…………. 9

9. Ascomata with a long cylindrical neck; ascospore funsiform; asexual state mycoleptodicsus-like
……………………………………………………………………………..…………………. Omnidemptus
9’. Not as above …………………………………………………………………..………………………. 10

10. Ascomata with a long neck; ascospore 3-septate; asexual state Nakataea, conidia falcate,
3-septate with darker median cells; a sclerotium state present …………. Nakataea (Type genus)
10’. Not as above …………..…………………………………………………………………….………. 11

11. Asexual state pyricularia-like ……………………………….……………………..……………….. 12
11’. Asexual state phialophora-like ……………………………………………..……………………… 14

12. Ascomata papillate; ascopsore clavate ………………………………….………… Buergenerula
12’. Not as above ……………………….……………………………………………………………….. 13

13. Conidiophores unbranched; conidia pale brown and 4(-5)-septate ………. Bussabanomyces
13’. Conidia 3-septate with darker median cells ………………………..………….. Pyriculariopsis

14. Conidiophores simple or slightly branched; conidia ellipsoidal …………………………….….. 15
14’. Not as above …………………………………………….………………………………………….. 18

15. Ascospores ellipsoidal, 3-septate, with dark brown and striate central cells, and pale brown
and smooth apical cells ……………………………………………………….…. Budhanggurabania
15’. Not as above …………………………………………….………………….…………….………… 16

16. Colonies slow-growing on PDA (diameter < 30 mm after 7 days at 25 C), conidiophores
curved ………………………………………………………………………..……….. Pseudophialophora
16’. Colonies fast-growing on PDA (diameter ≥ 30 mm after 7 days at 25 C), conidiophores
straight ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17

17. Conidiogenous cells with a conspicuous collarette; conidia fusiform; from soil…………………
……………………….……………………………………………………………….…………… Faciphoriella
17’. Conidiogenous cells without conspicuous collarette; conidia obovoid; on roots of Poaceae…
………………………………………………………………..……………….………… Magnaporthiopsis

18. Conidiophores complex, branched; Conidia strongly curved and sickle-shaped …………… 19
18’. Conidiophores and conidia dimorphological; conidiophores simple to complex ……….….. 20

19. Conidiogenous cells with a conspicuous collarette; on roots of Oryza sp. ……….. Falciphora
19’. Conidiogenous cells without a conspicuous collarette; on Carex rostrata ………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………….……..…Gaeumannomycella

20. Conidia falcate, straight to slightly curved ……………………………….………. Bifusisporella
20’. Conidia ellipsoidal to sickle-shaped …………………………………………..………………… 21

21. Ascomata immersed; Ascospores hyaline, filiform; pathogenic to cereals and grasses ……
……………………………………………………………………………..………… Gaeumannomyces
21’. Ascomata superficial and hairy; ascospores fusoid; non-pathogenic to cereals and grasses
……………………………………………………………………………….………….… Slopeiomyces

Copyright 2022 by The American Phytopathological Society. Reproduced, by permission, from Luo, J., and Zhang, N. 2022. The Rice Blast Fungus and Allied Species: A Monograph of the Fungal Order Magnaporthales (https://my.apsnet.org/APSStore/Product-Detail.aspx?WebsiteKey=2661527A-8D44-496C-A730-8CFEB6239BE7&iProductCode=46826). American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

Key to the families of Magnaporthales

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1. Saprotrophic on plant debris, barks, or wood generally …………………………… Ophioceraceae
1’. Pathogenic or endophytic in monocotyledonous plants generally ………………………………….. 2

2. Infecting host above-ground tissues using appressoria typically; asexual state pyricularia-like
typically ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. Pyriculariaceae
2’. Infecting host root tissues using hyphopodia typically; asexual state phialophora-like typically
………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Magnaporthaceae

Copyright 2022 by The American Phytopathological Society. Reproduced, by permission, from Luo, J., and Zhang, N. 2022.The Rice Blast Fungus and Allied Species: A Monograph of the Fungal Order Magnaporthales (https://my.apsnet.org/APSStore/Product-Detail.aspx?WebsiteKey=2661527A-8D44-496C-A730-8CFEB6239BE7&iProductCode=46826).American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

A key to the species of Pseudophialophora

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1. Colony diameter ≥ 2.5 cm on PDA in the dark after 7 days at 25 C …………………………………………………………………………………… 2
1′. Colony diameter < 2.5 cm on PDA in the dark after 7 days at 25 C ………………………………………………………………………………….. 6

2. Conidia averaging ≥ 7.5 µm long …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
2′. Conidia averaging < 7.5 µm long …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5

3. Colony dark green on PDA, associated with Eragrostis sp. …………………………… Pseudophialophora eragrostis (Type species)
3′. Colony greenish on PDA, associated with other hosts …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4

4. Conidia 7.5–10.5 x 2.5–3.5 µm, associated with Panicum sp. …………………………………………………. Pseudophialophora panicorum
4′. Conidia 8–12 x 3–5 µm, associated with Dichanthelium acuminatum ………………………………………. Pseudophialophora magnispora

5. Colony dark green on PDA ……………………………………………………………………………………….. Pseudophialophora whartonensis
5′. Colony greenish on PDA ………………………………………………………………………………………………. Pseudophialophora dichanthii

6. Conidia averaging < 2.5 µm wide …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7 
6′. Conidia averaging ≥ 2.5 µm wide ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8

7. Colony sulphur yellow on PDA ……………………………………………………………………………………. Pseudophialophora angusta
7′. Colony dark grey on PDA …………………………………………………………………………………………………… Pseudophialophora  sorghi

8. Colony sulphur yellow on PDA, conidia 5.5–8 x 2.5–3.5 µm …………………………………………………. Pseudophialophora schizachyrii
8′. Colony yellowish on PDA, conidia 7.5–9.5 x 2.5–3.5 µm ……………………………………………………………….. Pseudophialophora tarda

 

Key to the species of Magnaporthiopsis

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1. Conidiophores complex, mostly branched ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
1′. Conidiophores simple, unbranched …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3

2. Conidia ellipsoidal, 3–5 × 1–2.5 µm ………………………………………………………………………… Magnaporthiopsis meyeri-festucae
2′. Conidia curved to lunate, 4–6 × 1 µm …………………………………………………………………………….. Magnaporthiopsis agrostidis

3. Conidia averaging ≥ 3 µm wide ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4
3′. Conidia averaging < 3 µm wide ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7

4. Colony grey on PDA …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Magnaporthiopsis maydis
4′. Colony dark-green on PDA ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5

5. Associated with Triticum aestivum ………………………………………………………………………………….. Magnaporthiopsis rhizophila
5′. Associated with other hosts …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6

6. Conidia 7–13 × 2–6.5 µm, associated with Agrostis, Cynodon, Festuca, and Poa sp. ………………… Magnaporthiopsis cynodontis
6′. Conidia 7.5–11.5 × 3.5–5 µm, associated with Panicum sp. …………………………………………………… Magnaporthiopsis panicorum

7. Crust-like proliferations of mycelium absent ………………………………………………………. Magnaporthiopsis poae (Type species)
7′. Crust-like proliferations of mycelium present …………………………………………………………………….. Magnaporthiopsis incrustans